ANA Serum in a Non-Human Primate (Macaca fascicularis) Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Induced by Pristane

Trends in Immunotherapy

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ANA Serum in a Non-Human Primate (Macaca fascicularis) Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Induced by Pristane

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https://doi.org/10.54963/ti.v10i1.1672
Jonny, J., Zenia, P., Kusumastuti, S., Wirjopranoto, S., Nidom, C. A., Sudiana, I. K., Pratiwi, E. D., Mawaddah, T. W., Nidom, A. N., Nidom, R. V., Indrasari, S., & Rosytania, I. Y. (2026). ANA Serum in a Non-Human Primate (Macaca fascicularis) Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Induced by Pristane. Trends in Immunotherapy, 10(1), 144–154. https://doi.org/10.54963/ti.v10i1.1672
Volume 10, Issue 1 (March 2026): In Progress
Copyright (c) 2026 Jonny Jonny, Pepita Zenia, Sanindita Kusumastuti, Soetojo Wirjopranoto, Chairul Anwar Nidom, I Ketut Sudiana, Elisa Diah Pratiwi, Tiza Wuri Mawaddah, Astria Novitasari Nidom, Reviany Vibrianita Nidom, Setyarina Indrasari, Irma Yurita Rosytania
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Authors

  • Jonny Jonny

    Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
    Indonesia Army Cell Cure Center, Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital, Jakarta 10410, Indonesia
    Faculty of Military Medicine, Indonesia Defense University, Bogor 16810, Indonesia
  • Pepita Zenia

    Indonesia Army Cell Cure Center, Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital, Jakarta 10410, Indonesia
  • Sanindita Kusumastuti

    Indonesia Army Cell Cure Center, Gatot Soebroto Central Army Hospital, Jakarta 10410, Indonesia
  • Soetojo Wirjopranoto

    Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
  • Chairul Anwar Nidom

    Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
    Global Biosains Teknologi, Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • I Ketut Sudiana

    Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
  • Elisa Diah Pratiwi

    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • Tiza Wuri Mawaddah

    Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • Astria Novitasari Nidom

    Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • Reviany Vibrianita Nidom

    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • Setyarina Indrasari

    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia
  • Irma Yurita Rosytania

    Department of Research and Development Laboratory, Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya 60236, Indonesia

Received: 30 September 2025; Revised: 17 November 2025; Accepted: 1 December 2025; Published: 9 February 2026

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). While murine models are widely used for lupus research, their translational value is limited by physiological differences. Macaca fascicularis, a non-human primate, offers a closer model due to its genetic and immunological similarities to humans. Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane), a hydrocarbon oil, can induce lupus-like manifestations, including ANA production, but evidence in Macaca fascicularis remains scarce. This study assessed ANA titers following pristane induction in seven macaques, with one serving as a negative control. A single intraperitoneal dose of pristane (5 mL/kg) was administered, and ANA titers were evaluated biweekly using ELISA. ANA seropositivity (titer ≥1:80) was first detected at week 4, increasing to four macaques by week 8 and persisting at four positives in week 10. The duration of ANA positivity varied across individuals, ranging from a single week to continuous six-week responses, with one showing a biphasic pattern. The control macaque remained negative throughout. Clinical observations included alopecia, weight loss, lymphopenia, hematuria, and proteinuria in ANA-positive animals. In conclusion, pristane induced measurable autoimmunity in Macaca fascicularis, supporting its utility as a translational model for lupus research and preclinical testing of therapeutic interventions.

Keywords:

Macaca fascicularis Antinuclear Antibody Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Non-Human Primate Model Pristane Autoimmunity Lupus

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