Prevention and Treatment of Natural Disasters

Communication

Evaluating the Inequity Impact of Climate Change on Urban and Rural Communities

Downloads

https://doi.org/10.54963/ptnd.v3i1.241
Joo, S. H. (2024). Evaluating the Inequity Impact of Climate Change on Urban and Rural Communities. Prevention and Treatment of Natural Disasters, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.54963/ptnd.v3i1.241
Volume 3 Issue 1: June 2024
Copyright (c) 2024 Sung Hee Joo
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright

The authors shall retain the copyright of their work but allow the Publisher to publish, copy, distribute, and convey the work.

License

Prevention and Treatment of Natural Disasters (PTND)  publishes accepted manuscripts under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Authors who submit their papers for publication by Prevention and Treatment of Natural Disasters (PTND) agree to have the CC BY 4.0 license applied to their work, and that anyone is allowed to reuse the article or part of it free of charge for any purpose, including commercial use. As long as the author and original source is properly cited, anyone may copy, redistribute, reuse and transform the content.

Authors

  • Sung Hee Joo
    Department of Engineering & Engineering Technology, College of Aerospace, Computing, Engineering, and Design, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA

Extreme weather (heat waves, floods, drought, tropical storms, and tornados) has intensified as a result of climate change. In particular, the effects of climatic hazards on remote communities are more severe due their limited access to resources (e.g., health, socio-economics, sewer, stormwater, and drinking water systems), causing a dichotomy between urban cities and remote regions. For example, unknown and potentially emerging contaminants present in floodwater have detrimental effects on rural communities, causing an increased number of deaths given their lack of access to public health resources. Meanwhile, urban cities continuously rely on the natural resources of those same rural communities to confront climate change-induced natural disasters. This paper contributes to the development of a climate change resilience framework for urban and rural communities, exploring the approaches in mitigating disparate impacts between the two communities. Several discussions from the perspectives of policy and technical methodologies are provided, including watershed management. Furthermore, through analysis, this study outlays future directions and suggested resolutions of the inequity impact of climate change on rural and urban communities.

Keywords:

climate change resilience disparate impacts rural communities access to resources

References

  1. Zeleňáková, M.; Purcz, P.; Hlavatá, H.; Blišťan, P. Climate Change in Urban Versus Rural Areas. Procedia Eng. 2015, 119, 1171–1180.
  2. Fawzy, S.; Osman A.I.; Doran, J.; Rooney, D.W. Strategies for Mitigation of Climate Change: a Review. Environ. Chem. Lett. 2020, 18, 2069–2094.
  3. Assefa, S.; Kessler, A.; Fleskens, L. Factors Affecting Farmers’ Decision to Participate in Campaign-Based Watershed Management Program in Boset District, Ethiopia. Land Use Policy 2024, 137, 106995.
  4. Kılkış, S.; Krajačić, G.; Duić, N.; Rosen, A.M.; Al-Nimr, A.M. Effective Mitigation of Climate Change with Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems. Energy Convers. Manage. 2022, 269, 116146.
  5. Nature-based Approaches for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation. Available online: https://www.ecologic.eu/sites/default/files/publication/2014/eco_bfn_nature-based-solutions_sept2014_en.pdf (accessed on 27 December 2023)
  6. Haszeldine, R.S.; Flude, S.; Johnson, G.; Scott, V. Negative Emissions Technologies and Carbon Capture and Storage to Achieve the Paris Agreement Commitments. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 2018, 376, 20160447.
  7. Sebestyen, V.; Dorgo, G.; Ipkovich, A.; Abonyi, J. Identifying the Links among Urban Climate Hazards, Mitigation and Adaptation Actions and Sustainability for Future Resilient Cities. Urban Clim. 2023, 49, 101557.
  8. Wolka, K.; Uma, T.; Tofu, D.A. The Role of Integrated Watershed Management in Climate Change Adaptation for Small-Scale Farmers in Southwest Ethiopia. Environ. Sustainability Indic. 2023, 19, 100260.
  9. Wang, S.; Zhang, M.; Huang, X.; Hu, T.; Sun, Q.C.; Corcoran, J.; Liu, Y. Urban–Rural Disparity of Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in Australia. Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 13665.
  10. Supangat, A.B.; Basuki, T.M.; Indrajaya, Y.; Setiawan, O.; Wahyuningrum, N.; Purwanto; Putra, P.B.; Savitri, E.; Indrawati, D.R.; Auliyani, D. et al. Sustainable Management for Healthy and Productive Watersheds in Indonesia. Land 2023, 12, 1963.
  11. Challenges and Gaps in Assessing Impacts of Climate Change on Health in Rural Areas. Available online: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2019/03 (accessed on 29 February 2024).
  12. Singh, C.; Bazaz, A.; Ley, D.; Ford, J.; Revi, A. Assessing the Feasibility of Climate Change Adaptation Options in the Water Sector: Examples from Rural and Urban Landscapes. Water Secur. 2020, 11, 100071.
  13. Urban Climate Risks and the Role of Social Protection: Short Case Studies. Available online: https://www.preventionweb.net/publication/urban-climate-risks-and-role-social-protection (accessed on 20 February 2024)
  14. Smith, K.R.; Woodward, A.; Campbell-Lendrum, D.; Chadee, D.D.; Honda, Y.; Liu, Q.; Olwoch, J.M.; Revich, B.; Sauerborn, R. Human Health: Impacts, Adaptation, and Co-Benefits. In: Field, C.B.; V.R. Barros D.J.; Dokken, K.J.; Mach, M.D.; Mastrandrea, T.E.; Bilir, M.; Chatterjee, K.L.; EBI, Y.O.; Estrada, R.C.; Genova, B.; Girma, E.S.; Kissel, A.N.; Levy, S.; Maccracken, P.R.; Mastrandrea, L.L., White (Ed.) Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2014.
  15. Year to Transform Our Cities. Available online: https://unhabitat.org/2022-year-to-transform-our-cities (accessed on 18 February 2024).
  16. Cross, S.H.; Calif, R.M.; Warraich, H.J. Rural-Urban Disparity in Mortality in the US from 1999 to 2019. JAMA 2021, 325, 2312–2314.
  17. Filho, W.L.; Salvia, A.L.; Balogun, A.-L.; Pereira, M.J.V.; Mucova, S.A.R.; Ajulo, O.M.; Ng, A.; Gwenzi, J.; Mashonjowa, E.; Aina, Y.A.; et al. Towards More Sustainable Responses to Natural Hazards and Climate Change Challenges Via Transformative Adaptation. Cities 2023, 141, 104525.
  18. Eriksen, S.; Aldunce, P.; Bahinipati, C.S.; D’Almeida Martins, R.; Molefe, J.I.; Nhemachena, C.; Ulsrud, K. When Not Every Response to Climate Change is a Good One: Identifying Principles for Sustainable Adaptation. Clim. Dev. 2011, 3, 7–20.
  19. Atkinson ,C.; Atkinson, A.M. Impacts of Climate Change on Rural Communities: Vulnerability and Adaptation in the Global South. Encyclopedia 2023, 3, 721–729.
  20. Woroniecki, S.; Spiegelenberg, F.A.; Chausson, A.; Turner, B.; Key, I.; Irfanullah, H.M.; Seddon, N. Contributions of Nature-Based Solutions to Reducing People’s Vulnerabilities to Climate Change Across the Rural Global South. Clim. Dev. 2022, 15, 590–607.
  21. Su, Q.; Chang, H.-S.; Pai, S.-E. A Comparative Study of the Resilience of Urban and Rural Areas Under Climate Change. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 8911.