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Effects of Hypoxia on the Vestibular System in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Observed on a Video Head Impulse Test

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https://doi.org/10.5152/entupdates.2021.21045
Fatih Topuz, M., Oğhan, F., Akdağ, G., Yıldız Gülhan, P., Erdoğan, O., Arık, Özlem, Ceyhan, A., Türe, N., & Güvey, A. (2021). Effects of Hypoxia on the Vestibular System in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Observed on a Video Head Impulse Test. ENT Updates, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.5152/entupdates.2021.21045
Volume 11 Issue 3 (2021)
Copyright (c) 2021 Muhammet Fatih Topuz, Fatih Oğhan, Gönül Akdağ, Pınar Yıldız Gülhan, Onur Erdoğan, Özlem Arık, Aykut Ceyhan, Nurullah Türe, Ali Güvey
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • Muhammet Fatih Topuz Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kutahya University of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Fatih Oğhan
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kutahya University of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Gönül Akdağ Department of Neurology, Kutahya University of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Pınar Yıldız Gülhan Department of Chest Medicine, Duzce University School of Medicine, Konuralp, Duzce, Turkey
  • Onur Erdoğan Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Özlem Arık Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Private Olbamed Hospital, Silifke, Mersin, Turkey
  • Aykut Ceyhan Department of ORL Kutahya, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Research Hospital, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Nurullah Türe Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kutahya University of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Kütahya, Turkey
  • Ali Güvey Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kutahya University of Health Sciences School of Medicine, Kütahya, Turkey

Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of hypoxia, observed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, on vestibular functions through the application of video head impulse test (v-HIT).

Methods: Patients with sleep apnea/snoring complaints and who had undergone polysomnography (PSG) between January 10, 2019, and January 10, 2020, received a full otorhinolaryngological examination and v-HIT in this prospective cohort study. Polysomnography findings of 83 patients with appropriate criteria for the study (age, sex, body mass index (BMI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and mean oxygen saturation)
and v-HIT findings were compared.

Results: Patients included in the study were divided into 4 groups according to the AHI scores. When age, gender, BMI, AHI, and mean oxygen saturation data were examined, only AHI scores showed statistically significant differences (P = .000). There was no statistically significant difference present between the groups in terms of mean vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gains, mean asymmetry, overt and covert saccades in the right ear, and overt saccades in the left ear. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the covert saccade in the left ear (P = .014). Of all patients included in the study, 72 patients (86.5%) had pathological VOR gains and/or at least 1 overt/covert saccade.

Conclusion: Our study with v-HIT concluded that the vestibular system is affected just as other systems in patients diagnosed with OSA syndrome. The literature review has proved that similar results were achieved in studies evaluating the vestibular system.

Keywords:

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome snoring vestibular system video head impulse test polysomnography