Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025): In Progress

This review paper presents Single-Inductor Dual-Output (SIDO) and Single-Inductor Multi-Output (SIMO) DC-DC converters with our proposed exclusive control method. First, we provide an overview of three fundamental types of switching converters: the buck converter, the boost converter, and the buck-boost converter, all using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals for their control. Next, we introduce SIDO converters with the exclusive control method, including the PWM control, the ripple control, the hysteretic control, and the soft-switching (with zero-voltage switching). In addition, we introduce its extension to a configuration of the dual-output Single Ended Inductor Converter (SEPIC) with the buck-boost converter, the high boost converter and the multiplied boost converter. Finally, we show exploration of four-output converters using our proposed voltage comparative circuit. The exclusive control method requires a few additional components but does not rely on current sensors. Also, it is not influenced by the output voltage or current value. Furthermore, we look ahead to future research directions for improving the subject.

Cyberspace is the foundation of modern economic, social, and governmental activities, making cybersecurity an essential component in addressing the escalating threat of cyberattacks. These attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities through methods such as malware, data breaches, and Distributed Denial of Service attacks, lead to significant disruptions ranging from financial losses for businesses to political and military consequences. As the digital landscape evolves, the need for robust cybersecurity measures to protect interconnected systems and safeguard digital ecosystems becomes increasingly urgent. This paper provides a review of the foundational concepts of cybersecurity, offering an in-depth analysis of current challenges and strategies. Furthermore, by critically assessing the weaknesses in existing methods, this study identifies knowledge gaps and proposes actionable future research directions aimed at mitigating cyber threats.

Abstract: This paper suggests a new method for improving routes in complicated logistics systems by combining cognitive modeling with quantum computing algorithms, especially the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In the classic Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), the model shows major improvements, beating traditional methods by 25% in finding solutions accurately and cutting computation time by 30%. Simulations show a 15% drop in travel time and a 20% cut in CO₂ emissions, highlighting how the model helps improve efficiency and support environmental sustainability. The innovation comes from combining two usually separate fields: cognitive modeling, which mimics how humans make decisions, and quantum computing, which allows for fast and large‑scale optimization. This teamwork between different fields encourages quick, flexible, and scalable decision‑making, which is essential in fast‑changing, real‑time logistics settings. The model matches the move towards Industry 5.0, which focuses on working together with machines and being environmentally friendly. It also supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, especially Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and Goal 13 (Climate Action). To make sure the study is valid, it uses open‑access datasets and simulates real‑life situations, such as smart warehouse operations and fleet management systems. The results highlight how quantum‑enhanced cognitive systems can change the game, providing a modern tool to build smarter, greener, and stronger supply chains. This research not only pushes the boundaries of optimization science but also lays the groundwork for using quantum algorithms in industry in the future.