Trends in Immunotherapy

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Expanding arsenal against diabetic neuropathy through betaine: Success so far and bottlenecks

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https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v8.i2.4189
Himani, H., Kumar, S., Chandak, G., Kumar, B., Melkani, I., Bhui, U., Kumar Pandey, N., Shashi, S., Singh, S., Singh Baghel, D., Sudhakar, K., & Majhee, C. (2024). Expanding arsenal against diabetic neuropathy through betaine: Success so far and bottlenecks. Trends in Immunotherapy, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v8.i2.4189
Volume 8 Issue 2 (2024)
Copyright (c) 2024 Himani Himani, Shubham Kumar, Garima Chandak, Bimlesh Kumar, Indu Melkani, Utpal Bhui, Narendra Kumar Pandey, Shashi Shashi, Saurabh Singh, Dileep Singh Baghel, Kalvatala Sudhakar, Chandana Majhee
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Authors

  • Himani Himani School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Shubham Kumar School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Garima Chandak School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Bimlesh Kumar
    School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Indu Melkani School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226010, India
  • Utpal Bhui School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Narendra Kumar Pandey School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Shashi Shashi School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Saurabh Singh School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Dileep Singh Baghel School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Kalvatala Sudhakar School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
  • Chandana Majhee Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida 201306, India

Diabetes mellitus is one of the main chronic metabolic syndromes that contains a number of repercussions and risk factors because hyperglycemia leads other organs to malfunction. Despite the existence of cutting-edge methods for the treatment of diabetes, the proper therapeutic medication distribution remains a serious worry in the current situation. Betaine, also known as N,N-trimethyl glycine, is an amino acid derivative with a number of advantageous health effects. This chemical is available to both humans and other animals because it is consumed and created endogenously. Additionally, some pathological conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, result in a decrease in the amount of betaine in the tissues. Betaine has been found in rodent studies to considerably lessen a number of abnormalities associated with diabetes. changes in the liver and other insulin-sensitive organs. Researchers believe that AMP-activated protein kinase is crucial to the mechanism through which betaine exerts its anti-diabetic effects. Also, betaine has been demonstrated to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in rodent models of diabetes. Since betaine has shown promising therapeutic benefits in animal trials, its potential use in treating diabetes has been raised.

Keywords:

diabetes neuropathic pain pathophysiology betaine

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