Short Communication

Sphenoid Sinus Aplasia: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Downloads

Omkar V. Shinde, Sunil S. Mishra, Omkar P. Jathar, Anupama Anand Chavan, & Anita D. Munde. (2024). Sphenoid Sinus Aplasia: A Case Report and Review of Literature. ENT Updates, 14(3), 57–60. https://doi.org/10.54963/entu.v14i3.885

Authors

The paranasal sinuses are air-filled spaces which begin developing prenatally. The sphenoid sinus is a paired paranasal sinus located within the sphenoid bone’s body. It represents one of four pairs of paranasal sinuses. A sphenoid sinus septum separates the pair of sphenoid sinuses in the middle. Each sphenoid sinus connects with the nasal cavity via the sphenoidal sinus aperture. The size and shape of the two sphenoid sinuses vary and are frequently asymmetrical. The paranasal sinuses start to develop as evaginations of mucosa during the 3rd and 4th fetal months; however, they expand after birth to reach their normal size. The underdevelopment or agenesis of the paranasal sinuses is an infrequent occurrence; if found, it is more frequently in the frontal sinus and seldom concerns the sphenoid sinus. The authors thus present a case of sphenoid sinus aplasia detected incidentally on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and believe it will be a valuable addition to the literature.

Keywords:

Agenesis Aplasia Cone‑Beam Computed Tomography Sphenoid Sinus

References

  1. Hengercr, A.S. Embryologic Development of the Sinuses. Ear Nose Throat J. 1984, 63, 134−135.
  2. Digrc, K.B.; Maxner, C.E.; Crawford, S. Significance of CT and MR Findings in Sphenoid Sinus Disease. AJNR 1989, 10, 603−606.
  3. Philippou, M.; Stenger, G.M.; Goumas, P.D.; et al. Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses. A Correlative Study of Computer Tomographic Images and Cryosections. Rhinology 1990, 28, 221−230.
  4. Antoniades, K.; Vahtsevanos, K.; Psimopoulou, M.; et al. Agenesis of Sphenoid Sinus: Case Report. ORL 1996, 58, 347–349. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000276868
  5. Güven, D.G.; Ylmaz, S.; Ulus, S.; et al. Combined aplasia of Sphenoid, Frontal, and Maxillary Sinuses Accompanied by Ethmoid Sinus Hypoplasia. J. Craniofac. Surg. 2010, 21, 1431−1433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181ecc2d9
  6. Anderhuber, W.; Weiglein, A.; Wolf, G. Nasal Cavities and Paranasal sinuses in Newborns and Children. Acta Anat. (Basel) 1992, 144, 120−126.
  7. Peele, J.C. Unusual Anatomical Variations of the Sphenoid Sinuses. Laryngoscope 1957, 67, 208−237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-195703000-00004
  8. Jaworek-Troć, J.; Walocha, J.A.; Lipski, M.; et al. Agenesis of the Sphenoid Sinus and a Single Sphenoid Sinus: A Computed Tomography Anatomical Evaluation. Folia Morphol. (Warsz) 2021, 80, 947−953. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/FM.a2021.0092
  9. Eggesbø, H.B.; Eken, T.; Eiklid, K.; et al. Hypoplasia of the sphenoid sinuses as a Diagnostic Tool in Cystic Fibrosis. Acta Radiol. 1999, 40, 479–485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/02841859909175571
  10. Cakur, B.; Sümbüllü M.A.; Yılmaz, A.B. A Retrospective Analysis of Sphenoid Sinus Hypoplasia and Agenesis Using Dental Volumetric CT In Turkish Individuals. Diagn. Interv. Radiol. 2011, 17, 205–208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4261/1305-3825.DIR.3304- 10.1
  11. Keskin, G.; Üstündag, E.; Çiftçi, E. Agenesis of Sphenoid Sinuses. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2002, 24, 324–326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-002-0028-3
  12. Degirmenci, B.; Haktanir, A.; Acar, M.; et al. Agenesis of Sphenoid Sinus: Three Cases. Surg. Radiol. Anat. 2005, 27, 351–353. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-005-0336-5
  13. Khanduri, S.; Singh, N.; Bhadury, S.; et al. Combined Aplasia of Frontal and Sphenoid Sinuses with Hypoplasia of Ethmoid and Maxillary Sinuses. Indian J. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 2015, 67, 434−437. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-015-0877-9
  14. Earwaker, J. Anatomic Variants in Sinonasal CT. Radiographics 1993, 13, 381–415. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.13.2.8460226
  15. Aydinlioğlu, A.; Erdem, S. Maxillary and Sphenoid Sinus Aplasia in Turkish Individuals: A Retrospective Review Using Computed Tomography. Clin. Anat. 2004, 17, 618–622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.20026