ENT Updates

Review

Effervescent tablets: a safe and practical delivery system for drug administration

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https://doi.org/10.2399/jmu.2016001009
İpci, K., Öktemer, T., Birdane, L., Altıntoprak, N., Bayar Muluk, N., Passali, D., Lopatin, A., Bellussi, L., Mladina, R., Pawankar, R., & Cingi, C. (2016). Effervescent tablets: a safe and practical delivery system for drug administration. ENT Updates, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.2399/jmu.2016001009
Volume 6 Issue 1 (2016)
Copyright (c) 2016 Kağan İpci, Tuğba Öktemer, Leman Birdane, Niyazi Altıntoprak, Nuray Bayar Muluk, Desiderio Passali, Andrey Lopatin, Luisa Bellussi, Ranko Mladina, Ruby Pawankar, Cemal Cingi
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • Kağan İpci
    Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ankara Koru Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
  • Tuğba Öktemer Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Polatl› Can Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
  • Leman Birdane Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yunus Emre State Hospital, Eskiflehir, Turkey
  • Niyazi Altıntoprak Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tuzla State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  • Nuray Bayar Muluk Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
  • Desiderio Passali Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Siena University, Siena, Italy
  • Andrey Lopatin Department, State Policlinic No1, Business Administration of the President of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
  • Luisa Bellussi Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Siena University, Siena, Italy
  • Ranko Mladina Department, University Hospital Rebro-KBC Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
  • Ruby Pawankar Division of Allergy, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
  • Cemal Cingi Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskiflehir Osmangazi University, Eskiflehir, Turkey

Effervescence is defined as the evolution of gas bubbles from a liquid as a result of a chemical reaction. For medicinal use, effervescent tablets have specific characteristics that allow rapid adsorption of the intended drug. In this manner, a medication can be absorbed easily and effectively if it dissolves easily in water and is present at a sufficient dose. Common acids utilized for effervescent reactions are citric, malic, tartaric, adipic and fumaric acids. Citric acid is most commonly used for this application, which also adds a citrus-like taste to the products. Tartaric, adipic and fumaric acids are usually used in small amounts, due to their low water solubility. Effervescent tablets are used to simplify the handling of doses, provide optimal compatibility, promote superior and rapid absorption, increase a patient’s liquid intake and circumvent the difficulty of swallowing large pills. This review defines effervescent tablets in terms of the technology and describes the advantages and disadvantages.

Keywords:

Effervescent tablet advantages disadvantages