ENT Updates is committed to maintaining the accuracy and transparency of the scholarly record. When necessary, we issue formal updates to published articles in the form of withdrawals, corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern. Each decision is handled with care, guided by publishing ethics and the specific circumstances of the case.

1. Withdrawal (Pre-publication)
Manuscripts may be withdrawn by the authors at any time prior to acceptance. Once accepted or published online, withdrawal is generally not permitted unless serious ethical or legal concerns arise. Any post-acceptance withdrawal must be requested in writing, stating clear reasons, and will be subject to editorial approval.

2. Corrections (Errata or Corrigenda)
Corrections are issued when errors are identified in the published article that affect its clarity or accuracy but do not compromise the overall findings. These may include typographical errors, missing information, incorrect author affiliations, or minor data mislabeling. A correction notice will be published, linked to the original article, and the online version will be updated with a correction statement.

3. Retractions
Articles are retracted when there is clear evidence of significant flaws or misconduct, including but not limited to data fabrication, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unethical research practices. Retraction notices are published separately, linked to the original article, and the original article will remain online, digitally watermarked as “Retracted” to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

Retractions may be initiated by authors, editors, or institutional bodies, and will be reviewed by the Editors-in-Chief and Editorial Board. Legal or academic consultation may be sought when appropriate.

4. Expressions of Concern
When a potential issue is raised about a published paper that requires further investigation, but the outcome is not yet conclusive, the journal may issue an expression of concern. This aims to alert readers while preserving neutrality until the matter is resolved. Once investigations conclude, the expression may be followed by a correction or retraction as needed.