Soil Biome Homogenization and Multidimensional Regulation of Sustainable Remediation Under Urbanization: A Cross-Climatic Zone Study

Abstract:

Urbanization profoundly alters soil health via biome homogenization and pollution accumulation, threatening ecosystem sustainability. This study investigated soil microbial communities, resistance genes, and remediation efficiency across three climatic zones (tundra: Helsinki; temperate: Baltimore; tropical: Singapore) and 13 Chinese cities. We validated an integrated sustainability evaluation tool for remediation techniques and proposed a "triple regulation" strategy coupling biogeochemical cycles, nanotechnology, and carbon sequestration. Results revealed urban-driven bacterial homogenization (37% higher than natural forests) and heavy metal-induced resistance gene enrichment. The proposed tool prioritized phytoremediation and modified biochar as optimal sustainable solutions. This study provides a cross-scale framework for balancing urbanization and soil health.