Solid waste management has become a growing concern in many urban areas due to rapid population growth, urbanization and increased global relevance and why the study matters. This study examined how solid waste is managed, collected and transported in Maseru City, with the aim of identifying ways to improve service delivery while reducing environmental impacts makes the purpose more precise and concise. Data were collected using a combination of questionnaires, interviews and direct observation, providing reliable first-hand information on existing practices and challenges, avoiding unnecessary detail and improving clarity. The findings reveal that waste management in Maseru is constrained by poor planning, including the unsuitable location of the Ts’osane dump site, the absence of designated collection points and a lack of organized collection routes shifts from description to interpretation of results. Waste collection areas are mainly determined by population size and waste generation levels rather than systematic planning, while access limitations further affect service coverage. These challenges reduce the efficiency of waste services and contribute to environmental risks links findings to their implications. The study concludes that improving waste management in Maseru requires better planning and the development of clear, science-based guidelines for selecting disposal sites and organizing collection systems. Strengthening these aspects would enhance service efficiency, reduce environmental impacts and support sustainable urban development states recommendations and practical significance.