M. H. Al‑Sarori, M. M. A. Sufyan, M. Al‑Asaly, and G. A. A. Al‑Maamari, “BERT and Beyond: A Comprehensive Survey of Natural Language Processing Techniques for Information Retrieval”, J. Intell. Commun., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 93–114, Sep. 2025.