Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) towards Effective Flood Response and Environmental Management in Kelani and Deduruoya River Basins, Sri Lanka

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for a river catchment improve the efficiency and effectiveness of flood response and environmental management by providing a structured framework for coordinated actions. This paper examines Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of flood response and environmental management. Considering the two major river basins in Sri Lanka, the applicability of the well-established Standing Operating Procedure (SOP) of the Kelani River Basin (KRB), in mitigating flood impacts in the Deduruoya River Basin (DRB) was studied. DRB is affected by intermittent flash floods. Flood-affected administrative units (Divisional Secretariat Divisions) were identified and mapped using the Desinventar Database. Subsequent surveys and stakeholder interviews were held, revealing critical gaps in current flood management strategies. The integration of environmental management principles into SOPs is explored in relation to safeguarding ecosystems, preventing contamination, and promoting sustainable recovery. The study underscores the importance of regularly updating SOPs to incorporate technological advancements, data analytics, and community input. It also advocates for a collaborative, multi-stakeholder approach to flood response, where SOPs are continuously rehearsed and refined to ensure timely and coordinated actions. Findings emphasize that the adoption of dynamic and inclusive SOPs can significantly reduce flood-related damages, enhance environmental resilience, and contribute to long-term recovery. This study calls for the integration of SOPs into national and local disaster management strategies, offering a valuable tool for both government agencies and practitioners to build more resilient communities and protect natural ecosystems from future flood risks.