A Holistic Capability Framework for Digital Transformation in Intelligent Societies: Integrating Technological, Organizational, and Societal Dimensions

Abstract:

Digital transformation has become an indispensable driver of intelligent societal development, yet its implementation faces fragmented approaches across sectors. This study develops a holistic capability framework integrating technological infrastructure, organizational agility, and societal inclusivity through a systematic literature review (n=187) and cross-sector case analysis (public, private, and non-profit). The findings identify three core capability clusters—techno-ethical governance, adaptive leadership, and inclusive digital ecosystems—as critical enablers. The framework addresses gaps in existing research by bridging micro-level organizational practices with macro-level societal impacts. Practical implications for policymakers, organizational leaders, and technology developers emphasize human-centric transformation strategies that balance innovation with equity. This research contributes to the Intelligent Society discourse by providing a unified framework for sustainable digital transformation.