Artificial Intelligence for Power System Protection and Fault Diagnosis

Abstract:

The growing complexity of modern power systems, driven by the integration of renewable energy sources, distributed generation, and evolving grid structures, has highlighted the limitations of traditional protection methods. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents a revolutionary approach to increase power system protection and fault detection. In this paper, the use of different AI techniques, including machine learning, deep learning, expert systems, and fuzzy logic in optimizing fault detection, fault classification, localization, and adaptive protection schemes will be reviewed. The use of AI-based systems allows a more precise, real-time fault detection, predictive maintenance, and dynamic coordination of protection relays, which is beneficial in grid stability and reliability. Nonetheless, the AI solutions to power system protection are not supported, and there are problems with data quality, computational complexity, the proper work with existing systems, and security issues. These challenges are also discussed in this paper, and the future of AI with respect to developing smarter and more resilient power systems. The future use of AI in power system protection is set to transform the industry because of the promise of quicker, more flexible, and effective fault handling.