L. M. Rababah, S. I. M. S. Al-Namarneh, H. A. Rababah, and I. A. Ismail, “From Self-Learners to System-Dependents: The Negative Effects of AI on EFL Autonomy in Jordan”, Digital Technol. Res. Appl., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 238–250, Jun. 2026.