Digital Technologies Research and Applications

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Towards a Unified Ecosystem: Strategies for Enhancing Interoperability in IoT and Big Data Frameworks

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https://doi.org/10.54963/dtra.v5i3.1751
Naidu, V. R., Rafiq, N. R., & Rafiq, S. N. (2026). Towards a Unified Ecosystem: Strategies for Enhancing Interoperability in IoT and Big Data Frameworks. Digital Technologies Research and Applications, 5(3), 46–55. https://doi.org/10.54963/dtra.v5i3.1751
Volume 5 Issue 3: September 2026 (In Progress)
Copyright (c) 2026 Vikas Rao Naidu, Nafhath Rasheeda Rafiq, Syed Najeeb Rafiq
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Authors

  • Vikas Rao Naidu

    Department of Computing and Electronics Engineering, Middle East College, Al Rusayl 124, Muscat, Oman
  • Nafhath Rasheeda Rafiq

    Department of Computing and Electronics Engineering, Middle East College, Al Rusayl 124, Muscat, Oman
  • Syed Najeeb Rafiq

    Modern Peace Company, L.L.C., North Mawaleh 111, Muscat, Oman

Received: 22 October 2025; Revised: 16 December 2025; Accepted: 30 December 2025; Published: 6 July 2026

As the concepts of IoT systems deepen, the world inclines towards safety, energy management, sustainability, efficiency, predictability and prevention. With an estimated global market spending on IoT of about $15 trillion by 2030, seamless integration of IoT devices and big data platforms is considered vital to ensure a robust, efficient, and secure IoT ecosystem. Despite its wide application the integration of IoT and big data frameworks is hindered by heterogeneous devices and protocols, semantic incompatibility, and scalability gaps between real-time IoT streams and Big Data systems. Data quality issues, lack of unified standards across edge, fog and cloud layers, security model mismatch, and fragmented data formats and vendor-specific ecosystems are additional challenges that create significant obstacles to seamless data exchange, unified analytics and reliable end-to-end integration. Through a conceptual research method of study, this paper highlights the interoperability of the IoT framework and big data analytics, the application areas of the framework providing sustainable solutions, challenges and opportunities that reflect the need for advancements of the framework strategies followed by recommendations to effectively mitigate the existing and future risks and challenges.

Keywords:

Big Data Analytics IoT-Based Systems Big Data Integration Cloud Database Solutions Sustainable Solutions Edge Computing Interoperability IoT Framework

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